Psychology Today has long been known as a trusted consumer resource for mental health resources, see how they define neurofeedback and the patient experience:

What Is Neurofeedback?

Neurofeedback, also known as EEG (electroencephalogram) biofeedback, is a therapeutic intervention that provides immediate feedback from a computer-based program that assesses a client’s brainwave activity. The program then uses sound or visual signals to reorganize or retrain these brain signals. By responding to this process, clients learn to regulate and improve their brain function and to alleviate symptoms of various neurological and mental health disorders

When It’s Used

Children, adolescents, and adults with seizure conditions, behavior disorders, attention deficits, autism, ongoing developmental delays, acquired brain injuries, birth trauma, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, stress-related problems, and insomnia or interrupted sleep patterns, as well as those with age-related cognitive loss, may find neurofeedback helpful. Neurofeedback may also be used as an adjunct intervention with other forms of therapy.

What to Expect

Neurofeedback therapy typically consists of once-a-week sessions for an average of 20 weeks. Some people need fewer sessions, while others require more. While you are sitting in a chair, the therapist will attach sensors to your scalp. A computer EEG program will process your brain signals and provide information about various brainwave frequencies. Using a program similar to a video game, you will watch the graphics or listen to music while your brain and central nervous system receive feedback signals from the program. The program will then begin directing your brainwave activity toward more desirable and controlled patterns. You will get immediate feedback from the program when your brainwave patterns improve. Between sessions, you should be able to notice changes in stress, sleep patterns, or mental clarity.

How It Works

Neurofeedback is not considered a cure, but rather a method of managing or regulating the workings of the brain so it functions in a healthier manner. This is achieved by repetitive training sessions using a computerized neurofeedback program that teaches your central nervous system to reorganize and regulate brainwave frequencies. Neurofeedback assesses your brain and provides information about areas of dysfunction that are causing symptoms so that they can be treated directly. Various neurofeedback methods and equipment are used for different types of neurological problem.

What to Look for in a Neurofeedback Therapist

Licensed mental health professionals who have been trained to use neurofeedback equipment and programs can provide neurofeedback services in their private practices and clinics. In addition to finding someone with the educational background and relevant experience, look for a therapist with whom you feel comfortable discussing personal issues, who displays an understanding of your particular case, and who can clearly explain the neurofeedback process, its potential benefits, and its limitations in a way you can understand.

References

Kubik, A., Kuik, P., Stanios, M., Kraj, B., Clinical and neurophysiological data of neurofeedback therapy in children with ADHD. Przegl Lek. 2016;73(3):148–51.

Nicholson, A. A., Ros, T., Frewen, P. A. et al., Alpha oscillation neurofeedback modulates amygdala complex connectivity and arousal in posttraumatic stress disorder. NeuroImage: Clinical. February 2016;(12):506–16.

Anguera, J. A., Boccanfuso,  J., Rintoul, J. L. et al. Video game training enhances cognitive control in older adults. Nature. 5 Sep 2013;501(7465):97–101.

Brandmeyer, T. and Delorme, A. Meditation and neurofeedback. Frontiers in Psychology. 2013;4:688.

Stoler, E. R., What is Neurofeedback? Psychology Today Blogs. 4 Oct 2014.

Neurofeedback and Biofeedback for Mood and Anxiety Disorders: A Review of the Clinical Evidence and Guidelines—An Update. CADTH Rapid Response Reports. 26 Aug 2014